Berg and Hudson, as well as Williams, give an outline of the pathways and linkages among different industries and events, which are displayed in Diagram 1. The slave trade helps to develop the sugar, textiles (via cotton), coffee, tobacco, and the banking and finance industries (via financing of overseas trade and operations). The growth of these industries in turn spur the demand for more enslaved persons, thereby creating a recursive and growing cycle of commerce across the Atlantic Ocean. The growth of these industries then leads to greater demand for metals, leading to increased mining for tin and iron; more demand for coal; and, with greater goods being produced, greater shipping and transportation needs. As these industries grow, so does the demand for labor that traditionally worked on farms, but moved to urban areas as a result of enclosure movements that displaced people from their land. Finally, the confluence of the growth of these industries lead to greater investment, output, and income in the British economy.